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E. LOFTS.

,000mm RANGE. No. 367,150. Patented July 26, 1887.

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B. LOFTS.

COOKING RANGE.

No; 367,150. Patented July 26, 1887.

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E'. LOFTS.

GOOKING RANGE.

No. 367,150. Patented .July 26, 1887.

llllllllllllllllllllllll UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

l EZRA LOFTS, OF CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND.

COOKING-RANGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 367,150, dated July 26,1887. Application-tiled May 28, 1886. Serial No. 203,557. l (No model.) Patented in England May 7, 1884, No. 7,356.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, EZRA LoErs, a subject of the Queen. of England, residing at Cambridge, in England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cooking Ranges or Stoves,(for which I have obtained a patent in England No. 7,356, dated May 7, 1884,) of which the following is a full, clear', and exact description.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is an isometric view of a cooking range or stove embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is .a section thereof, taken on line x v of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a section taken on line y y of Fig. 2.

Fig. .Lis a section taken on line zz of Fig. 2, ank

Fig. 5 is a section taken on line l 1 of Fig. 1. The general principles upon which this stove is constructed are the same as those of the do# mestic and other ire-grates for which I have made application for patent, Serial No.172,234.

The object of this invention is to provide a cooking range or stove which will more effectually consume the smoke than many of those at present in use, and at the same time increase the heating capacity of the apparatus."

The invention consists in certain features of construction and combination of parts, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and asset forth in the claims.

In the drawings, A indicates the grate for the reception of the fuel, open in front, the fuel being prevented from falling out by gratebars a.. Below the grate is the ash-pit, vin

`which is fitted a drawer or pan, Bf of greater length than the depth of the ash-pit, the partl of the pan projecting in front of the gratel being of a depth' equal to the distance from the upper face of grate A to the bottom of the ash-pit, and said part is open at top to admit air freely under the grate, as shown in Figs. l and 3.

When butl little re is required, or when it is desired to cook with a wood fire, I employ an auxiliary grate, A', provided with feet 65,1

and adapted to fit into the fuel-chamber and rest upon the grate A, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4. C is a door hinged to the range above the upper front grate-bar a, to afford means to admit large volumes of air into the space S below the top of the range when this is desirable.

D is a back plate arranged in rear of the grate A and constituting the back of thefuelformed in the side walls of the fire-space,

which walls may be formed by one side of two boilers, E E', or by an intervening fire-brick lining, a2, as shown more plainly in Fig. 4.

The two boilers E E' are so arranged as to leave a clear space around the sides and bottom thereof, said boilers being supported from the bottom b of the range by means of suitable feet or stays, e, Fig. 2, and are connected together by cross-duct E, that serves as a seat for the back of the combustion-chamber F, formed between the back plate, D, of the fuelspace and the oven O. This back ofthe combustion-chamber may be formed by the front vertical wall of the oven; but as the heat in the combustion-chamber is very intense, Lprefer to employ as a back for the combustionchamber a fire-brick back, G, said rebrick being seated on the connecting-branch E2 of the two boilers E E.

The oven O is so arranged relatively to the top, bottom, and back walls and the rear end wall of the stove as to leave a elear space above and below the oven and a like space at the back and rear end thereof, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

The s-paee at the rear end of the oven is divided into three flues,c c c2, by partitions p 192, which partitions may extend clear down to the bottom b of the range, thus forming three lues, communicating with thevspaces S and S below and above the oven, respectively. The central flue, c, communicates with the draft-l pipe P, and in the space S above the oven is arranged a cross-partition, H, the central portion of which in front of flue c is provided with a multiplicity of vertical slots, h, and at opposite ends of said partition are openings h', leading into fines c c2, adapted to be closed by dampers I I2, secured to adamper-rod, I, that has its bearings in the opposite side walls of the range, and carries on that side in which the oven-opening is formeda crank-handle, 1i, for manipulating the dampers.

By means of the described arrangement the communication between the flues c cc2 through 'space or chamber S may be cut off or lestablished, as desired. In rear of the slotted por- 'IOO tion of the partition H is arranged a sliding damper, H, also slotted, and having a sliding motion suiiciently great to cover and uncover the slots in the partition H when moved toward one or the other side by means of the handle H", that projects through and works in a slot, s, formed in the range-top. (See Fig. l.)

As shown by Fig. 4, when the dampers I I and the sliding damper H are closed the heat and products of combustion cannot pass directly from the grate into either of the lues c c c2, and to prevent such products of combustion from rising up through the space Saatl the back of the oven the top o of thelatter may be extended over said space; or a portion of the said top ot` the oven may be extended over the space Si, as shown at o', and a vert-ical partition, p3, may be provided and arranged so as to close the remainder of the space, as shown in Fig. 4, and prevent the products of coinbustion from ascending through space S into space S.

The back D ofthe combustion-chamber extends, as shown in Fig. 3, some distance below the grate opposite the ash-pit back plate, p, which latter and the back D and connection E2 ot' the boilers E E form a diving-f1ue, F, communicating with the combustion-chamber and opening into a space formed by a bench or extension, K, of the lower portion of the range, which serves as a heat-radiating chamber. The products ot combustion may therefore be conducted directly from the combustion-chamber F through the diving-flue F or extension of the combustion chamber under the oven, and thence to lue cand the draft-pipe P. If it is desired to still further utilize the heat of the products ot' combustion, their course may be diverted from that just described toward the front of the extension K by means of a sliding damper, L, constructed to form a transverse horizontal partition, said damper being provided with wings L', extending along the boilers E E to the opposite sides of the extension of` the range, as more plainly shown in Fig. 5. The damper is of such length that when fully pushed in to eut off the direct communication between the combustion -chamber F and the space S, formed between the bottom b of the range and the bottom ofthe boilers and oven, there will be an open space left between the outer edge of said damper and the front wall of the extension K of therange, as shown in Fig. 5. This damper I have fully described and shown in my application for patent hereinbefore referred to, and do not desire to claim it broadly herein.

In practice I make the front wall of the extension K removable, so that when the damper L is removed the space S below the boilers and loven will be entirely free from obstructions for the removal of such solid products of coinu bnstion or ashes as are carried along by the draft, as well as the soot that may form therein. The damper L is provided with a handle, L",

that projects through a slot formed in the front wall of the extension K, as shown in Fig. l.

The top of the range is provided with suitable pot-holesl as usual, the parts that form these holes being' removable, so that ready access may bc had to the space S above the oven back of the combustion-chamber and to the gratos. The llues c c2 are also provided with openings closed by lids, so that access thereto may be had for the purpose of cleaning the same, alike opening closed by a lid, il, being formed above the space inclosed by the partition p3, so as to gain access to the space SIl between the oven and the back wall ot the range.

By means of the described construction the draft may therefore be adjusted as follows: First, by moving the damper L out and closing the dainpers I and I2 and the slide H all the products of combustion will pass from the combustion-chamber F through divingilue F into space S below the bottom of the boilers and oven, and thence to flue c and to draft pipe P; second, by o'pening the slide Ha portion of the products of combustion will follow the described course and another portion will pass directly through the space S above the oven to Ilue c and the draft-pipe l?, third, by closing the slide H and opening the damper-s I Il a portion of the products of combustion will pass through combustion-chamber F, Hue F, space S to flue c and the draft-pipe l?, and the other portion of said products of combustion will pass directly through space S into diving-fines c cl, and thenceinto space S, to ilne c, and draft-pipe P; fourth, by moving the damper L in those I I2, and the slide H being closed, all the products of combustion will pass from combustion-chamber F and tlue F over damper L to front wall ofcxtcnsion K of the range, and thence under the damper into space S, to ilue c, and the draft-pipe P; fifth, by lnoving the damper L in and opening the slide H the main draft will be directly through space S to ilue c, and by opening the dampers I' I also the draft will be divided, a portion ofthe products of combustion passing direct to flue c through H', another portion through iiues c' c to S, thence to line c, and a third portion through F to front wall of eX- tension K, and thence through S to Hue c, and finally, by closing H, opening I Hand pushing in the damper L,the draft will bcuearly equally divided in the direction of S c c2 S c and F L S c.

It will be seen that the temperature of the range itself', as well as the temperature in the oven, may be variously regulated, and this is a very important point in apparatus of this character.

There is another very important feature connected with my invention, in that cold air cannot possibly be admitted to the combustion-chamber F', andas all air admitted thereto must pass either directly through the back of the fuel-space or over the same said air reaches the combustion-chamber at a temperature best IOO IIO

, suited topromote the combustion, ,thereby effecting a material saving in fuel.

When 1t is desired to utilize a portion'of the heat for purposes of heating other rooms, the

back G of the combustion-chamber may be removed and a water-back connected therewith and provided with suitable feed and circulating pipes, or said water-back may extend the full height occupied by the connection El and the back G, and may be connected with the boilers EE', in which case the latter are provided with suitable feed and circulating pipes.

In most stoves and rangesV as now coustructed and provided with ovens the heat above the oven is much greater .than belowT the same. This is not the casel in the range` above described, as means are provided for diverting the greatest heat either from the bottom-or the top of the oven. In case it should become necessary to keep the top of the oven comparatively cool, the door C can be opened, together with the slide'H, and the damper L moved outward, and it will be found that the air entering` above the grate into space S will be almost cold on reaching the slide H. The greatest heat will then be .at the bottom and side of the oven, as will be readily understood.

- I donot de'sire to claim, broadly, in this a1 plication a grate having a perforated or slotted back, a combustion-chamber in rear thereof, a diving-due communicating with the combustion-chamber, with a chamber cr hearth extending forwardly of the grate and with the draft-flue and means whereby the products of combustion may be directeddirectly to the draft-flue or indirectly throughV the hearth, as described, these features constituting the sub- 4o ject-n1atter of an application for a patent of the UnitedStates tiled July 2l, 1885, Serial No. 172,234.

Having now particularly described my invention, what I claim ism l. A cook-stove comprising an oven, a vertical iiue at one end thereof communicating with the draft-pipe, a flue below the oven communicating with the end fine, a grate, a perforated or slotted grate-back, a combustionchamber formed byand between the grate-backand the opposite end of the oven, and a divingflue communicating with the combustioning over the top and under the bottom of the stove and communicating with said vertical flue, a grate, aperforated or slotted grate-back, a combustion chamber formed by and between said grate-back and the other end of the oven, a diving-flue communicating with the combustion chamber and the flue below the oven, and adamperin the flue above the oven to cut off the communication between said flue and the vertical end flue, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. A cook-stove comprising au` oven, a vertical ue at one end thereof communicating with the draft-pipe, horizontal fines above and below the oven communicating with said vertical ilue, a grate, a perforated or slotted grate-back having a solid portion extending above the fuel-space with its upper edge on a linewith the roof of the oven, a combustionchamber formed by and between the grateback and the opposite end ofthe oven, a diving-flue communicating with the combustionchamber and the flue below the oven, and a damper in the ue above the oven to cut off communication between the said flue and the vertical end flue, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. A coolcstove comprising an oven, a vertical iiue at one end thereof communicating with the draft-fine, horizontal iiues above and underneath the oven, an open-front grate, a door in the front wall of the stove above the fuel-space of the grate andfon a line with the upper horizontal iue, a perforated or slotted grate-back having a solid portion extending above the fuel-space with its upper edge in line with the roof of4 the oven, a combustionchamber formed by and between the grateback and the opposite end of the oven, a diving-flue communicating with the combustionchamber and the flue underneath the,oven, and a damper in the Hue above the oven to cut off the communication between the same and the end vertical flue, substantially as and for the purpose specified. y

5. A cook-stove comprising a grate, two verl ical boilers forming the side walls thereof, and a horizontal connection between said boilers below and in rear of the grate, forming a seat for the lining, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. A cook-stove comprising a grate, two vertical boilers forming the side walls thereof, supported in the stove to leave a space below and around the other three sides of said boilers, and a horizontal connection between the boilers below thedevel of the grate, forming a seat for the lining, substantial-ly as and for the purpose specified.

7. Acook-stove comprising an oven, a vertical flue at one end thereof communicating with the draft-pipe, horizontal lines at top and underneath the oven communicai ing with said vertical end ilue, a Hue extending over the back of the oven in communication with the due underneath the oven, a grate, a perforated. or slotted grate-back having a solid portion extending above the fuel-space with its upper edge on a level with the roof of the oven, a

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combustion-chamber formed by and between said grate-back and the front end wall of the oven, a divingue communicating with the combustion'chamber and the flue below the oven, and a'damper in the flue above the oven for cutting off the ycommunication between the same and the vertical end flue, substantially as and for the purpose speciied.

8. A eookstove comprising au oven arranged within the stove to leave a clear space between one of its end walls and between its roof, door, and bach wall and the corresponding walls of the stove, partitions dividing the vertical end space into three iiues communicating, respectively, with the space above and below the oven, one of said dues also communicating with' the draft-pipe, a partition isolating the space at the back of the oven from the space above the roof thereof, a set ofdampers for cutting off the communication between said space above thc oven and the three fines at the rear end thereof, a grate, a perforated or slotted grate-back, a combustion-chamber formed by and between said grateback and the front end wall of the oven, and a divingilue communicating with the coinlnistion-chamber and the space below the oven, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. A cook-stove comprising an oven, aspace between the top and bottoni thereof and the top and bottom ofthe stove, a vertical due at one end of the oven communicating with said spaces and the draft-pipe, a grate, two vertical boilers forming the opposite side walls of the grate, a perforated or slotted grateback, a combustionchamber formed by and between said grate-back and the front end wall of the oven, a diving-[ine eonnnuuicating with the space below the bottom ofthe oven, a connection below the level of the grate for connect-ing the vertical boilers, the front wall of said connection forming one of the walls ofthe divinglilue and the top wall a seat for the lining of the combustionchamber, and adamper interposed inthe communication between the space above the oven and the rear vertical flue, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

10. A cook stove comprising a grate, an ash-pit below the saine, an oven in rear of the grate, a space between the top and bottom of the oven and its corre'sponding` walls of the stove, a chambered hearth below the ash-pit communicating with the space below the oven and extending` forward from the grate-back beyond the grate-front, a vertical ilne at the rear end of the oven communicating with the spaces above and below the same and with the draft-pipe, a perforated or slotted grate-back, a combustion-chamber formed by and between said grate-back and the front end of the oven, a diving-flue communicating with the co1nbustion chamber and the chamber in the hearth, and a damper interposed in the communication between the space above the oven and the end vertical flue, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

ll. A cook stove comprising a grate, an ash-pit below the same, an oven in rear of the grate, a space between the top and bottom of the oven and the corresponding walls of the stove, a vertical ilue at the rear end of the oven comm u nicating with said spaces and with the draft-pipe, a chamber-ed hearth extending from the grate-back below the ash-pit, beyond the gratefront, and communicating with the space below the oven, a grate-back, a divingfiue formed by and between said grate-back and the frontend wall ofthe oven andcommunieating with the chambered hearth, and a slideplate constructed to divide the chamber of the hearth into two compartments, cut off the direct communication between the diving-flue in lcar of the grate and the space below the oven, and conduct the products ofcombustion over said plate to the front of the hearth, thence under the same to said space below the oven, substantially asv and for the purpose specified.

12. In a cook-stove, the combination, with the grate A and its back plate, D, of the boilers E E', their connection E2, the oven O, arranged relatively to the grate, its back plate, the boilers and the walls of the stove to `forni the spaces or passages S S' "2 F F', said boilers forming the opposite side walls ofthe grate,

` the partitiousp'p" in the space formed between the rear wall of the oven and that of the stove, the dempers I' I2, and the dampersH H', said parts being arranged for operation `substantially as and for the purpose speciiied.

13. ln a cook-stove provided with the chambcred hearth K, the combination, with said hearth, the grate A, and the back plate, l), thereof, of the boilers E E', arranged to form the opposite side walls of the grate, the oven O, arranged relatively to the inclosing-\valls ofthe stove, the grate-back,a11d the boilers to form the spaces S S' S2 F F', and the flucs c' c c2, the dampers I' l2, the damper H', and lthe slide L, the said parts being arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose speciled.

EZRA LOFTS.

\Vi tnesses: A

ALFRED J. BoUL'r, HARRY BRIDGE.

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